ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠪ ᠬᠠᠮᠳᠤ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠢᠳᠡᠭ ᠬᠡᠰᠢᠬᠦᠨ᠂ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠪᠬᠠᠮᠳᠤ ᠶᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠳᠤᠭᠴᠢ᠂ ᠦᠬᠡᠶᠢᠬᠦᠦ ᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯᠴᠢ᠂ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤᠭᠴᠢ᠂ ᠨᠠᠢᠮᠠ ᠂ ᠶᠢᠰᠦᠳᠦᠬᠡᠷ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨᠳᠦᠯᠦᠬᠡᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠩᠭᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠳ᠋ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠦᠬᠡ2017 ᠤᠨ ᠤ 5 ᠳ᠋ᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ 5 ᠤ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ 15᠄28 ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠡᠬᠡᠵᠢᠩ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠢᠶᠡᠷᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠳᠡᠬᠦᠰᠪᠡ ᠂  ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠰᠡᠬᠦᠳᠡᠷ 91 ᠃

ᠪᠦᠬᠡ  ᠢᠢᠨᠨᠠᠮᠲᠠᠷ

ᠪᠦᠬᠡ᠂ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠂ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠳᠡᠨ᠂ ᠦᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠦᠨ ᠱᠦ ᠭᠤᠧᠠᠩ ᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠂ 1926 ᠤᠨ ᠤ 3 ᠳ᠋ᠣᠭᠠᠷᠰᠠᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠦᠪᠦᠷ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠪᠡᠷᠳᠡᠬᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠦᠮᠡᠳ ᠵᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠪᠡ᠃ 1942 ᠤᠨ ᠤ 7 ᠳ᠋ᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠪ ᠬᠠᠮᠳᠤ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠯᠰᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠤ᠂ 1939ᠤᠨ ᠤ 7 ᠳ᠋ᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠷᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠠᠢ᠃ ᠶᠠᠨ ᠠᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠡᠬᠡᠳᠦ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠳᠡᠬᠦᠰᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨᠨᠠᠮᠳᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠬᠦᠦ  ᠢᠢᠨ ᠤᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠪᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠃

1939  1946 ᠤᠨᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠂ ᠶᠠᠨ ᠠᠨ ᠱᠠᠨᠪᠧᠢ  ᠢᠢᠨ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠣᠯᠢ ᠂ ᠶᠠᠨ ᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠡᠬᠡᠳᠦᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠰᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ ᠃

19461954 ᠤᠨᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠂ ᠦᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ  ᠦᠨ ᠦᠪᠡᠷᠳ᠋ᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠦᠳ᠋ᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠲᠦ ᠬᠣᠷᠠᠯ  ᠦᠨᠵᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠳ᠋ᠡᠰ  ᠦᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠂ ᠦᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ  ᠦᠨ ᠦᠪᠡᠷᠳ᠋ᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤᠳᠡᠭᠡᠲᠦ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠣᠯᠢ  ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠮᠳ᠋ᠠᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠣᠯᠢ  ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠳ᠋ᠡᠰ  ᠦᠨ ᠳᠡᠳ᠋ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠂ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠦᠷᠦ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠳ᠋ᠡᠰ  ᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠬᠰᠢ  ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ‍ᠢ ᠬᠠᠪᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ ᠂ᠦᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ  ᠦᠨ ᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠬᠠᠨ  ᠤ ᠪᠦᠯᠬᠥᠮ ᠦᠨ ᠳᠡᠳ᠋ ᠳᠠᠷᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠂ ᠨᠠᠮ  ᠦᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠷ  ᠦᠨ ᠱᠦᠵᠢ᠂ ᠪᠦᠯᠬᠥᠮ  ᠦᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ  ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ‍ᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ ᠃

1954  1974 ᠤᠨᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠂ ᠦᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ  ᠦᠨ ᠦᠪᠡᠷᠳ᠋ᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠤᠷᠣᠨ  ᠤ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ  ᠦᠨ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠡᠳ᠋ᠳᠠᠷᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠂ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠦᠨ ᠤᠳ᠋ᠣᠷᠢᠳᠬᠤ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠶᠢᠯᠠᠩ  ᠦᠨ ᠱᠦᠵᠢ ᠂ ᠦᠪᠡᠷᠳ᠋ᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠤᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠳᠬ᠎ᠠᠤᠷᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠢᠨ  ᠦ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ  ᠢᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ  ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ‍ᠢ ᠬᠠᠪᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠂ᠲᠣᠮᠳ᠋ᠠᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠤᠷᠣᠰ  ᠦᠨ ᠨᠦᠬᠦᠷᠯᠡᠯ  ᠦᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠭᠡᠮᠯᠢᠭ  ᠦᠨ ᠦᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ  ᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠷᠢ ᠡᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠦᠨᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠦᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠂ ᠦᠪᠡᠷᠳ᠋ᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠤᠷᠣᠨ  ᠤ ᠨᠠᠮ  ᠦᠨ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ  ᠢᠢᠨᠤᠷᠣᠯᠠᠬᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠩᠭᠣ  ᠢᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠂ ᠦᠪᠡᠷᠳ᠋ᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠤᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ  ᠦᠨ ᠵᠦᠪᠯᠡᠯ  ᠦᠨᠨᠠᠮ  ᠦᠨ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ  ᠢᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠣᠯᠠᠬᠴᠢ ᠱᠦᠵᠢ ᠂ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ  ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ‍ᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡᠯᠡᠵᠤᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ ᠃

1974 —1978 ᠤᠨᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠂ ᠲᠤᠮᠳ᠋ᠠᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠤᠯᠣᠰ  ᠦᠨ ᠡᠪ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠦ ᠨᠠᠮ  ᠦᠨ ᠪᠣᠭᠣᠲᠦ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ  ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ  ᠢᠢᠨ ᠱᠦᠵᠢ ᠂ᠬᠣᠲᠠ  ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯ  ᠦᠨ ᠵᠦᠪᠯᠡᠯ  ᠦᠨ ᠲᠡᠳ᠋ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠂ ᠦᠪᠡᠷᠳ᠋ᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠨᠠᠮ  ᠦᠨᠬᠣᠷᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ  ᠢᠢᠨ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠳ᠋ᠡᠰ  ᠦᠨ ᠲᠡᠳ᠋ ᠳᠠᠷᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠂ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠳ᠋ᠡᠰ  ᠦᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ‍ᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ ᠃

1978  1981 ᠤᠨᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠂ ᠦᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ  ᠦᠨ ᠦᠪᠡᠷᠳ᠋ᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠤᠷᠣᠨ  ᠤ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ  ᠢᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠩᠭᠣ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠂ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ  ᠦᠨ ᠦᠨᠳ᠋ᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠵᠦᠪᠯᠡᠯ  ᠦᠨ ᠳᠡᠳ᠋ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠂ᠬᠦᠬᠡᠬᠤᠲᠡ  ᠢᠢᠨ ᠨᠠᠮ  ᠦᠨ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ  ᠢᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳ᠋ᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠱᠦᠵᠢ ᠂ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ  ᠢᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠂ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ  ᠦᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳ᠋ᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠦᠷᠦ  ᠢᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ‍ᠢ ᠡᠭᠥᠷᠭᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ ᠃

1982 1993 ᠤᠨᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠂ ᠲᠣᠮᠳ᠋ᠠᠲᠦ ᠤᠯᠣᠰ  ᠦᠨ ᠡᠪ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠦ ᠨᠠᠮ  ᠦᠨ ᠦᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ  ᠦᠨ ᠦᠪᠡᠷᠳ᠋ᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠤᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ  ᠢᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠳ᠋ ᠱᠦᠵᠢ  ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ‍ᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ ᠃

1993 ᠤᠨ ᠤ 3ᠳ᠋ᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠂ ᠨᠠᠢᠮᠠᠳ᠋ᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠦᠯᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠦᠨᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠣᠷᠠᠯ  ᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠩᠭᠣ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ  ᠢᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠳ᠋ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ  ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ‍ᠢᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ ᠃

1998 ᠤᠨ ᠤ 3ᠳ᠋ᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠂ ᠶᠢᠰᠦᠳ᠋ᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠦᠯᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢᠳ  ᠦᠨᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠣᠷᠠᠯ  ᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠩᠭᠣ  ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ  ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠳ᠋ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ  ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ‍ᠢᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ ᠃ ᠲᠣᠮᠳ᠋ᠠᠲᠦ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠡᠪ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠦ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠦᠨ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠳ᠋ᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠂ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨᠭᠣᠷᠪᠠᠳ᠋ᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠦᠪ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠡᠰᠢᠬᠦᠨ᠃ ᠲᠣᠮᠳ᠋ᠠᠲᠦ  ᠢᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠦᠭ ᠳᠠᠭᠣᠯᠠᠯ ᠦᠨᠡᠷᠳ᠋ᠡᠮ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠭᠡᠮᠯᠢᠭ ᠦᠨ ᠨᠡᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠦᠨᠳ᠋ᠦᠲᠦ ᠳᠠᠷᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠂ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ  ᠦ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠦ ᠂ᠲᠣᠮᠳ᠋ᠠᠲᠦ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ  ᠦᠨ ᠮᠣᠷᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ  ᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢᠳ  ᠦᠨ ᠨᠡᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠦᠨᠳ᠋ᠦᠲᠦᠳᠠᠷᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ ᠃