ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠭᠴᠢ:
ᠴᠠᠭ:2020-08-21
ᠥᠵᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ : ℃
ᠢᠷᠡᠯᠲᠡ:
ᠤᠳᠠᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠦᠮᠠ
ᠤᠳᠠᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠦᠮᠠ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠠ ᠤ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠠ ᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠰᠦᠮᠠ᠃ ᠦᠪᠤᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠪᠠᠷᠳᠠᠬᠡᠠ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠤᠷᠣᠠ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠴᠢᠠ ᠵᠠᠭᠦᠠ ᠭᠠᠷᠣᠠ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠳᠣ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠠ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠳᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠶᠠᠬᠡ ᠰᠦᠮᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠣ᠂ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠳᠣ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠠ ᠤ ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠠᠯᠠᠩᠳᠣ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠣᠠ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠠ ᠡᠮᠣᠨᠠᠳᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠷᠢᠰᠢᠵᠣ ᠪᠤᠢ᠃ ᠴᠢᠩ ᠤᠯᠣᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠯᠳᠣ ᠲᠦᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠢᠮᠠᠳᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠠ ︵1730︶ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠲᠠᠸᠠ ᠯᠠᠮᠠ ᠠᠩᠬᠠ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠪᠠ᠃ ᠲᠣᠰ ᠰᠦᠮᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠦᠭᠵᠢᠯ ᠪᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠶᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠩᠭᠤ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠭᠠ ᠯᠠᠮᠠ 700 ᠭᠠᠷᠣᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠲᠣᠰ ᠰᠦᠮᠠ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠤᠣᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠴᠢᠠ ᠵᠠᠭᠦᠠ ᠭᠠᠷᠣᠠ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠳᠣ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠠ ᠤ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠠ ᠤ ᠵᠢᠶᠦ᠋ᠠ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠵᠠᠩᠬᠢᠯᠣᠠ ᠤ ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠠᠳᠣᠬᠡᠷ ᠭᠦᠪᠠᠭᠦᠠ ᠰᠠᠩᠭᠠᠷᠵᠠᠢ ᠴᠢᠩ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠳᠣᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠱᠠᠩᠨᠠᠬᠳᠠᠬᠰᠠᠠ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠪᠤᠯᠣᠨᠠ᠃ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠠ ᠲᠠᠰᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠤᠯᠠᠯᠵᠢᠠ ᠬᠡᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠷᠳᠣ ᠡᠮᠴᠢ ᠲᠠᠸᠠ ᠯᠠᠮᠠ ᠤᠳᠠᠴᠢ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠠ ᠢ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠵᠣ ᠂ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠱᠠᠪᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠣᠠ ᠡᠮᠴᠢᠯᠠᠠ ᠪᠤᠶᠠᠠ ᠦᠢᠯᠠᠣᠠᠴᠣ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠮ ᠨᠢ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠳᠣᠠ ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠠᠯᠠᠩᠳᠣ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠠᠭᠦᠭᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠢᠮ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠲᠣᠯᠣᠳᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠦᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠯᠣᠪᠰᠠᠩᠷᠠᠰᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠣᠠᠬᠠᠵᠣ ᠵᠦᠪᠰᠢᠶᠠᠷᠠᠭᠦᠯᠣᠬᠡᠣᠠ᠂ ᠰᠢᠨᠠ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠳᠣᠠ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠵᠠᠭᠤ ᠳᠤ 7 ᠲᠠᠰᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠠ ᠰᠦᠮᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠪᠠ᠃ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠯᠳᠣ ᠲᠦᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠢᠮᠠᠳᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠠ ︵1730︶ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠰᠢᠨᠠ ᠰᠦᠮᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠵᠣ ᠲᠠᠭᠤᠰᠬᠠᠵᠣ᠂ ᠤᠳᠠᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠦᠮᠠ ᠬᠡᠮᠠᠠ ᠨᠠᠷᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠ᠃ ᠭᠤᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭᠤ ᠤᠳᠠᠴᠢ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠠ ᠢ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠳᠠᠬ 50 ᠭᠠᠷᠣᠢ ᠯᠠᠮᠠ ᠡᠯᠰᠠᠵᠣ᠂ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠳᠣᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠦᠢᠷᠠᠬᠠᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠬ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠠ ᠶᠠᠬᠡ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠨᠣᠶᠠᠣᠠ ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢ ᠭᠦᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠠ ᠢᠷᠠᠵᠣ ᠭᠦᠵᠢ ᠵᠣᠯᠠ ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠳᠡᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ 《ᠸᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠦᠮᠠ》 ᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠲᠦᠷᠣ ᠬᠡᠷᠠᠯᠳᠣ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠠ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠯᠠᠮᠠ ᠬᠤᠸᠠᠷᠠᠬ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠠ ᠶᠠᠬᠡᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠠᠮᠡᠭᠳᠠᠠ᠂ ᠰᠦᠮᠠ ᠴᠣ᠋ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠴᠢᠷᠠᠵᠣ ᠡᠪᠳᠠᠷᠡᠭᠰᠠᠠ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ᠂ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠳᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠦᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠠ ᠯᠠᠮᠠ ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶᠠᠩᠭᠦᠢ ᠲᠣᠰ ᠰᠦᠮᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠦᠷᠬᠡᠣᠠᠬᠡᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠲᠣᠬᠠᠢ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠨᠣᠶᠠᠠ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠪᠰᠢᠭᠦᠯᠪᠠ᠃ ᠰᠢᠨᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠬᠰᠠᠠ 81 ᠲᠠᠰᠣᠯᠭᠠᠳᠣ ᠴᠣᠬᠴᠢᠠ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠡᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠭᠦᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠠ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠣᠰ ᠲᠣᠰ 5 ᠲᠠᠰᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠵᠢᠭᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠰᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠬᠤᠩᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠩᠬᠡᠷᠬᠡᠠ ᠠᠰᠠᠷ᠂ ᠭᠠᠯ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠭᠠᠠ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠷ᠂ ᠰᠦᠮᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠳᠠ᠂ ᠰᠦᠮᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠬᠡᠷᠠᠮ ᠵᠠᠷᠬᠡ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠣ᠂ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠰᠦᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠬᠠᠠ ᠰᠦᠮᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠ᠃ ᠲᠦᠷᠣ ᠬᠡᠷᠠᠯᠳᠣ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠠ ᠲᠣᠰ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠣᠠ ᠲᠤ 《ᠪᠤᠶᠠᠠ ᠲᠠᠯᠬᠡᠷᠠᠭᠦᠯᠣᠭ᠍ᠴᠢ ᠰᠦᠮᠠ》 ᠬᠡᠭᠦ ᠨᠠᠷᠠ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠷᠬᠠᠠ ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠ ᠃ ᠤᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠳᠠᠴᠢ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠠ ᠤ ᠤᠷᠣᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠱᠠᠬᠵᠠᠮᠣᠨᠢ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠠ ᠢ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠠ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠵᠣ᠂ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠽᠦᠩᠺᠠᠸᠠ᠂ ᠮᠠᠠᠽᠣᠰᠢᠷᠢ᠂ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠷᠠ ᠡᠬᠡ ᠵᠠᠷᠬᠡ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠠ ᠢ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠳᠠᠬ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠ᠃ ᠠᠳᠠ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ 《ᠭᠠᠨᠵᠣᠣᠷ》 ᠂ 《ᠳ᠋ᠠᠠᠵᠣᠣᠷ》 ᠰᠣᠳᠣᠷ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠵᠣ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ 1922 ᠤᠠ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠳᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠦᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠷᠠᠰᠠᠩ ᠳ᠋ᠠ ᠯᠠᠮᠠ ᠲᠠᠮᠣᠷᠰᠢᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠠ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠴᠣᠬᠴᠢᠠ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠡᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠭᠦᠠᠳᠠᠢ 49 ᠲᠠᠰᠣᠯᠭᠠᠳᠣ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠵᠣ ᠤᠳᠠᠴᠢ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠠ ᠢ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠵᠣ᠂ ᠮᠠᠠᠪᠠ ᠷᠠᠰᠠᠩ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠪᠠ᠃ 70 ᠯᠠᠮᠠ ᠴᠣᠬᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠣ᠂ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯᠵᠢᠠ ᠬᠡᠬᠡᠠ ᠰᠦᠮᠠ ᠭᠠᠶᠢᠬᠠᠮᠰᠢᠬ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠣᠬᠴᠢ ᠰᠦᠮᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠠᠠᠪᠠ ᠷᠠᠰᠠᠩ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠣ᠋ ᠹᠸᠡᠭ᠂ ᠱᠠᠬᠵᠢ ᠬᠡᠭᠦ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠵᠣ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠣᠭᠠᠣᠠ᠂ ᠨᠢᠬᠡ ᠪᠦᠯᠦᠭ ᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠠᠷᠬᠡᠵᠢᠭᠰᠡᠠ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠳᠠᠠ ᠢ ᠭᠦᠮᠣᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠣᠠ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠲᠣᠰ ᠰᠦᠮᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠬᠤᠢ ᠬᠡᠪᠠᠯ᠄ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠠ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ 8 ᠠᠴᠠ 15 ᠪᠤᠯᠳᠠᠯᠠ ᠢᠷᠣᠬᠡᠯ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠳᠠᠬ︔ 4 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ 13 ᠠᠴᠠ 15 ᠪᠤᠯᠳᠠᠯᠠ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠣᠬᠰᠠᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠮᠠᠨᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠳᠠᠬ︔ 5 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ 8 ᠠᠴᠠ 15 ᠪᠤᠯᠳᠠᠯᠠ ᠤᠳᠠᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠠᠠᠳᠣᠯᠡᠭᠰᠠᠠ ᠡᠳᠣᠷ ᠦᠯᠵᠠᠢ ᠤᠷᠣᠰᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠳᠠᠬ︔ 6 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ 8 ᠠᠴᠠ 15 ᠪᠤᠯᠳᠠᠯᠠ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠳᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠠ ᠤ ᠢᠷᠣᠬᠡᠯ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠳᠠᠬ︔ 7 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ 1 ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠢᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ 8 ᠪᠤᠯᠳᠠᠯᠠ ᠠᠶᠣᠰᠢ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠠ ᠤ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠳᠠᠬ︔ 8 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ 1 ᠠᠴᠠ 9 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ 15 ᠪᠤᠯᠳᠠᠯᠠ 45 ᠡᠳᠣᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠷᠨᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠳᠠᠬ︔ 10 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ 1 ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠢᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ 3 ᠪᠤᠯᠳᠠᠯᠠ 《ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠠ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠬ ᠢᠷᠣᠬᠡᠯ》 ᠤᠩᠰᠢᠠ᠂ ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠠ ᠵᠣᠯᠠ ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠵᠣ᠂ ᠽᠦᠩᠺᠠᠸᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠠᠠᠳᠣᠯᠡᠭᠰᠠᠠ ᠡᠳᠣᠷ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠯᠬᠡᠳᠠᠳᠡᠭ︔ ᠭᠦᠬᠡᠬᠡ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ 27 ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠢᠳᠠᠭᠦᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠳᠠᠯᠠ ᠦᠯᠵᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠮᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠵᠦᠩᠨᠠᠭᠦ ᠵᠠᠪᠰᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠳᠠᠬ᠃ ᠲᠣᠰ ᠰᠦᠮᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠬᠡᠠ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠯᠭᠠᠠ ᠬᠡᠵᠣ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠦᠬᠡᠢ᠂ ᠰᠦᠮᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠪᠤ ᠬᠡᠪᠠᠯ ᠷᠠᠰᠠᠩ ᠳ᠋ᠠ ᠯᠠᠮᠠ ᠲᠠᠸᠠ᠂ ᠷᠢᠠᠴᠢᠠ ᠰᠣᠩᠳᠣᠢ᠂ ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶᠠᠩᠭᠦᠢ᠂ ᠯᡁᠠᠮᠣ᠂ ᠲᠠᠮᠣᠷᠰᠢᠷᠢ ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠮᠠᠰᠢᠷᠢ ᠵᠠᠷᠬᠡ ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠤᠭᠠᠠ ᠦᠶᠠ ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠲᠣᠰ ᠰᠦᠮᠠ 《ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠬᠡ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯ》 ᠤᠨ ᠦᠶᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠪᠳᠡᠭᠳᠠᠠ ᠰᠦᠢᠣᠠᠴᠠᠢ᠃